The Nautilus Institute’s Energy, Security & Environment Program analyzes the nexus of energy, security, and environmental issues in NORTHEAST ASIA. Based on this analysis policy initiatives are developed. The twin fields of “environmental security” and “energy security,” as applied in Northeast Asia, underlie much of the program’s work. The program was started in 1996.
Energy, Security & Environment BrowseFriday, March 14, 2002East Asia Energy Future | East Asia Power Grid Interconnection | Final Reports | Acid Rain in NE Asia | NE Asian Energy Futures | Energy Security | Financing Clean Coal Technology | NE Asian Marine Issues |East Asia Energy FutureReport VON HIPPEL, David, The Nautilus Institute PDF version VON HIPPEL, David, The Nautilus Institute Commissioned Papers ZHOU Fengqi, Energy Research Institute State Development Planning Commission, China Discussion of “Macro” Assumptions in the Future Evolution of the Chinese Energy System, and the Impact of Energy Security Considerations on Planning . ZHANG Aling, SHI Lin, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Prospects for and Impacts of Diversifying Chinese Fuel Use away from Coal. SHI, Zulin and XU, Yugao , Tsinghua University, Beijing, China The Impacts of China’s Accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on China’s Energy Sector GU, Shuhua and LIU, Wenqiang The Role of Renewable Energy Options in China’s Present and Future Energy Systems WANG, Qingyi , Tsinghua University, Beijing, China The Coal Industry in China: Recent Evolution and Prospects for the Coming Decades Regional Papers NI, Weidou, LI, Zheng, and XUE, Yuan , Tsinghua University, Beijing, China National Energy Futures Analysis and Energy Security Perspectives in China: Strategic thinking on the energy issue in 10th Five-Year Plan of China. CHUNG, Woo Jin , Korea Energy Economics Institute Republic of Korea National Energy Futures Analysis and Energy Security Perspectives in the Republic of Korea. SHIN, Eui-Soon , Professor Department of Economics, Yonsei University Seoul, Korea National Energy Futures Analysis and Energy Security Perspectives in the Republic of Korea. SUZUKI, Tatsujiro, Senior Research Scientist, Central Research Institute of the Electric Power Industry, Japan National Energy Futures Analysis and Energy Security Perspectives in Japan. KALASHNIKOV, Victor , Khabarovsk Economic Research Institute Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences National Energy Futures Analysis and Energy Security Perspectives in Russian Far East. Review Papers VON HIPPEL, David Modeling of Clean Coal Scenarios for China: Progress Report and Initial Results. Xie Shaoxiong Review of Assumptions as to Changes in the Electricity Generation Sector in Nautilus Institute’s Clean Coal Scenarios Report. East Asia Power Grid InterconnectionEconomic Considerations for International Electricity Interconnection in North-East Asia Karsten Neuhoff, University of Cambridge Economic Considerations: An overview & background on power markets and pricing principles, with focus on international trading, institutional considerations for international electricity trade. David G. Streets Environmental Aspects of Electricity Grid Interconnection in Northeast Asia. Park, Dongwook, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) National perspectives from the Northeast Asian region: Republic of Korea. Dr. John H. Bickel, Evergreen Safety and Reliability Technologies, LLC Grid Stability and Safety Issues Associated with Nuclear Power Plants. Yasumasa Fujii, Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Tokyo National perspectives from the NEA region: Japan. Ri Gyong Nam, A researcher, Pyongyang Electric Power Design Institute National perspectives from the NEA region: Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Ge Weichun, Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd., China Local Perspectives on Power Grid Interconnection in Northeast Asia: Background and Perspectives from Liaoning Province, China. Prof. Jong-Keun Park Power Generation & Stability Issues in the Republic of Korea: Constraints & choices for interconnection of power grids. David F. Von Hippel, Nautilus Institute Costs & Benefits of Power Grid Connection. Hyo-Sun Kim, Korea Gas Corporation Application of the Kyoto Mechanisms in Power Grid Interconnection in Northeast Asia. Final ReportsRegional Collaboration for Energy Futures and Energy Security in China and Northeast Asia CARMICHAEL, Gregory, University of Iowa and ARNDT, Richard Final report of the Energy, Security, Environment in Northeast Asia (ESENA) Project. Acid Rain in Northeast AsiaBaseline Assessment of Acid Rain in Northeast Asia CARMICHAEL, Gregory, University of Iowa and Examines emissions projections in Northeast Asia, develops sulfur deposition estimates in the region, and suggests potential joint US-Japanese policy initiatives to curb acidifying emissions in the region. STREETS, David, Argonne National Laboratory Discusses energy and socioeconomic projections for Northeast Asia and their implications for emissions and suggests potential joint US-Japanese policy initiatives to curb acidifying emissions in the region. VON HIPPEL, David, Nautilus Institute Examines current technological alternatives for reducing emissions from energy production, analyzes costs and externalities associated with these technological alternatives, and suggests possible joint US-Japanese policy initiatives for implementing the technological alternatives. NE Asian Energy FuturesInnovative Approaches to Financing Environmentally Sustainable Energy Development in Northeast Asia (in draft) RAZAVI, Dr. Hossein, The World Bank Examines the current state of energy and electric power financing in Northeast Asia, scenario-specific capital constraints, innovative approaches, likely sources of finance for the Sustainable Energy Development strategy, and concerted unilateral or joint US/Japan initiatives which could address the regional financing needs of East Asian energy development, especially with China. Discusses which global issues interrelate with regional acid rain issues, how expanded energy production in the region will effect this, and joint US-Japanese policy initiatives and possible regional responses. VON HIPPEL, David, and Peter HAYES, Nautilus Institute Provides a brief overview of the recent and current status of the DPRK energy sector, as well as some of the factors that will influence the development (or continued decline) of the sector over the next eight years and beyond. VON HIPPEL, David, and Peter HAYES, Nautilus Institute Examines problems faced by DPRK in its energy sector, describes indicative estimates of the potential for implementation of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the DPRK, and discusses means whereby the DPRK’s energy problems can be addressed through international cooperation. VON HIPPEL, David, and Peter HAYES, Nautilus Institute Describes the compilation of two country-by-county scenarios of electricity supply in Northeast Asia and concludes that, independent of the systems for waste isolation (or recycling) chosen, the quantities of nuclear materials implied in either of the two scenarios will require regional cooperation on nuclear fuel and nuclear waste technologies, handling protocols, and planning. Energy SecurityInternational Regulations of Nuclear Fuel Cycles: BERKHOUT, Frans, University of Sussex Provides an overview of initiatives to develop international regulatory regimes for spent fuel and plutonium which go beyond the application of nuclear safeguards. KALASHNIKOV, Victor D, Khabarovsk Economic Research Institute PDF version | View Map 1 | View Map 2 Demonstrates that energy and electricity in the Russian Far East (RFE) have great potential for the development of energy-related cooperation within the Northeast Asia region. Provides extensive and diverse information on the RFE (energy) situation–its geography, economy, technology, legislation, and the nature of its energy resources. LIDSKY, Lawrence M. and Marvin M. Miller, MIT Offers a revised strategy for the role of nuclear power in Japan’s energy security by moving away from light water reactor (LWR) and fast breeder reactor (FBR) technology and embracing alternative nuclear technologies. NEFF, Thomas L., MIT Provides a methodological basis applicable to Pacific Asia for evaluating energy supply dependence across fuels and for particular fuels–with a primary emphasis on nuclear fuels. RAZAVI, Hossein, World Bank Presents a methodology for analyzing long-term national energy strategy in relation to the issues of energy security and environmental impacts of energy supply and consumption. SPEIER, Richard, Independent Consultant Reviews the development of U.S. plutonium policy from the early 1960’s to the present, highlighting the shifting positions on the linkage between plutonium as a nuclear fuel and as a weapons material. TSUCHIYA, Haruki, Research Institute for Systems Technology Discusses three types of energy security problems in relation to energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy sources in Japan: increase in oil prices, oil depletion, and global warming. Energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy sources are shown to enhance Japan’s energy security. VON HIPPEL, David; HAYES, Peter; SAVAGE, Timothy; and NAKATA, Masami, Nautilus Institute Argues that while the DPRK will be unable to safely operate the light-water reactors being supplied under the Framework, replacing one of the reactors with a thermal power plant, as some have suggested, is an equally impractical solution. Instead, the United States could consider offering a package of infrastructure assistance to the DPRK in exchange for changes in heavy fuel oil (HFO) deliveries. The US could explore with the DPRK alternative services-grid refurbishment, power plant and boiler rehabilitation, fuel supply infrastructure rebuilding, and alternative electricity sources and energy-efficiency improvements-that could be provided with a portion of the funds now earmarked for HFO purchases. Financing Clean Coal TechnologyProposal for a Global Environment Facility (GEF) Technology Risk Guarantee Mechanism NAUTILUS INSTITUTE Provides a summary outline of a proposal for an innovative, non-grant financing instrument based at the Global Environment Facility (GEF). The proposal is designed to encourage the adoption of environmentally-friendly but not yet commercially viable technologies. NAUTILUS INSTITUTE Discusses advanced clean coal technologies in China, with a focus on IGCC. The Chinese government’s proposal for building an IGCC demonstration power plant is explained. NAUTILUS INSTITUTE Presents a comprehensive argument for the need for innovative financing of clean coal technologies in China, proposes a Global Environment Facility (GEF)-based technology risk guarantee mechanism, and details how the mechanism can be used to finance IGCC technology in China. NE Asian Marine IssuesProspects for Effective Marine Governance in the Northwest Pacific Region HAAS, Peter M., University of Massachusetts-Amherst Looks at the prospects for effective regional action to protect the Northwest Pacific marine environment and concludes that at present the outlook is not promising. ISOBE, Masahiko, University of Tokyo Introduces a basic theoretical framework for an integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) scheme in Japan, discusses examples of practical experiments in ICZM in Japan, and concludes that an ICZM scheme is absolutely essential to solve Japan’s development-related coastal zone problems. KIM, Hyon-Jin, Harvard University Examines the creation of NOWPAP, the central regime for marine environmental cooperation in Northeast Asia, and the political problems associated with its smooth functioning. NAKATA, Hideaki, University of Tokyo Describes some of the present environmental problems in Japanese coastal waters, especially in relation to the fishing industry, and discusses mitigation and management of these problems from an ecosystem perspective. PAHUL, Linda, Ocean Law & Policy Institute Examines shipping interests, particularly those related to marine transport of oil, in relation to other contending interests, namely fishing, exploration, security and freedom of navigation, in the Korea/Tsushima Strait. One method for reconciling some of the conflicts between shipping and other interests is with a maritime traffic control (MTC) scheme. There is currently no active MTC scheme in the Strait. MTC schemes include active Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) systems and passive Traffic Separation Systems (TSS). A VTS system does not seem appropriate for the Korea/Tsushima Strait at this time because of its cost and complexity. However, a TSS would be appropriate. SHISHIME, Tomohiro, Environment Agency of Japan Discusses why current monitoring efforts domestically in Japan and internationally in the region are deficient. Also describes present efforts by the Environment Agency toward establishing a marine monitoring network in the region, and explains the issues that need to be addressed in order for a regional monitoring network to be established. VALENCIA, Mark, East-West Center Argues that an excellent opportunity exists to build a comprehensive environmental management regime for the Sea of Japan and sets forth an outline for a “model” management regime. WILKENING, Ken & Jason HUNTER, Nautilus Institute Provides the framework for discussions at the July 1998 ESENA workshop in Tokyo on appropriate and feasible U.S.-Japan policy initiatives which address oil-related marine issues in the Sea of Japan/East Sea. YAMANOUCHI, Yasuhide, GLOCOM Examines elements which motivate the Japanese government to pursue international cooperation on marine issues in the Sea of Japan and in other regional seas of Northeast Asia. |